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Byzantium – Constantinople – Istanbul & Tamilakam – Chola Nadu: A Timeline of Two Worlds From Sangam Ports to Ottoman Bazaars – How My Trip to Istanbul Made Me See History Differently Byzantine Constantinople — Ancient city layout and Theodosian Walls (Source: Wikimedia Commons) I recently visited Istanbul, a city layered with history as Byzantium and Constantinople before becoming the modern metropolis we know today. This journey inspired me to explore a parallel timeline from my homeland — Tamilakam, the ancient Tamil region known for the Chola, Pandya, and Chera kingdoms. Here’s a side-by-side comparison of the key historical periods in Istanbul and Tamil Nadu, with a look at their enduring trade and cultural connections spanning over two millennia. Period / Year Byzantium → Constantinople → Istanbul Tamilakam (Chola / Pandya / Chera Region) Trade / Cultural Link ~500 BCE – 200 CE Byzantium founde...